Asthma is a well known and high impact global health problem [1]. It shares, along with other prevalent entities, a number of not insignificant difficulties in the delivery of health care needs for it’s control [2]. From a clinical Point of view, the use of inhaled steroid medications (Clinical Efficacy measured as: No. of asthmatics patients controlled /No. of asthmatics patients treated) have proven their worth and are the mainstay of treatment in many Published Guidelines about asthma; and deservedly so. However, from a public health point of view, the clinical effectiveness of such strategies (Clinical Effectiveness measured as: No. of asthmatics patients controlled. Total No. of asthmatic patients) remains a problem around the world [1,3,4]. Many draw backs seems to exist in this over all lack of capacity to deliver comprehensive health care to asthmatic patients and their families. Some of these have been extensively considered, such as: a. need for intensive / recurrent education efforts [1] about the disease and it’s treatment; b. the inconveniences with the use of inhaled medications [5]; c. un modifiable housing environmental conditions [3]; d. tobacco smoke exposure [1,3]; e. the culture around poverty and all that it implies [3,4]; f. patient’s adherence and the cost of these treatments, among many others.

Asthma is common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterised by variable and attacks of cough and breathlesness, usually precipitated by an enviromental trigger (air pollution, smoke, etc). The prevalence and severity for allergic asthma have increased markedly in the last several decades. Dysregulated expression patterns of pro- and anti inflammatory mechanisms are thought to be responsible for the development of chronic inflammation. The risk of developing asthma has a strong genetic component, with estimated heritability ranging from 35 to 85%. The mechanism of action of Omalizumab in the treatment of asthma is believed to be multifactorial.

Investigation of water hyacinth was conducted from October 27, 2011 to November 3, 2011 by interdisciplinary expedition groups. A total of 24 sites were delineated using geographical positioning system (GPS) during investigation of water hyacinth incidence along the whole periphery of Lake Tana. Water hyacinth was started from Mitreha Abawarka kebele of Gondar zuria woreda specifically around at Netseba village with an estimated of 3 hectare area coverage. Highest infestation of the weed was observed at Megech River mouth with estimated area coverage of c. 80-100 hectare. Its infestation extends up to Dirma River mouth. Especial adaptation of water hyacinth on land based conditions at which soil moisture relatively high was observed around Tana woina kebele of Gondar zuria woreda adjacent lake shore side. The incidence and depth of water hyacinth infestation in Lake Tana is still at its infant stage, because except the North and to some extent North-east direction, the other parts of Lake Tana were devoid of the water hyacinth. Generally water hyacinth remains a major problem in Lake Tana where effective control programs are not in place as soon as possible.

Glucocorticoid (GC)s exert anti-inflammatory effects via binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) (NR3C1), targeted gene expression, and protein synthesis, which need hours before the onset of the action (transactivation). GCs also suppress inflammation by direct or indirect interaction with transcription factors, such as activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) (transrepression). Recently, the non-genomic actions of GCs were discovered on recognition of its rapid onset of action within seconds to minutes.

Introduction: Occupational asthma (OA) became an important public health problem worldwide in the last few decades. From two different OA types, sensitizer-induced OA accounts for approximately 90% of all OA cases. Aim of the study was to present the distribution of sensitizer-induced OA by occupation in R. Macedonia in the period 2005-2014. Methods: Sensitizer-induced OA was diagnosed by serial measurement of peak expiratory flow (PEF) at and away from work or by combination of serial PEF measurement at and away from work and non-specific bronchial provocation at and away from work in subjects with diagnosed asthma and work-relatedness of the symptoms.